Why is the PDF version of an article not displaying correctly?

If you are using the ReadCube Web Reader to view the PDF - which includes articles shared through Springer Nature SharedIt links - please refer to this article on the ReadCube Knowledge Base for the latest information regarding supported web browsers.
 
If you are viewing the PDF directly from our site then please contact our Customer Services team and provide the following details so they can assist:
  • The full title of the article including DOI reference if possible.
  • The browser you are using to view the file.
  • A description of the display problem you are experiencing with a screenshot if possible.
Please note that while our websites have been optimised to work well on most internet connections, some of the PDF files are very large and you may therefore experience a short delay, particularly if you are using a slower internet connection.


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